The answer might surprise you: strontium has 4 valence electrons.
How many valence electrons does strontium have in total?
Strontium is a chemical element with symbol Sr and atomic number 38. It is a soft silver-white or yellowish metallic element that is highly chemically reactive. The metal forms a dark oxide layer when it is exposed to air. Strontium has physical and chemical properties similar to those of its two vertical neighbors in the periodic table, calcium and barium. It occurs naturally in small amounts in almost all rocks, soil, water, plants, and animals.
The element was discovered in 1790 by Adair Crawford in Scotland. He isolated it from a mineral sample that he found in a lead mine in Strontian, Scotland. The name strontium comes from the town where the element was first discovered.
Strontium is the 15th most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and is mostly concentrated in the planet’s mantle. There are no significant commercial deposits of strontium minerals. Smaller deposits can be found in China, Russia, South Africa, and Australia. The primary commercial source of strontium is celestite (SrSO4), which is mined in Spain, Mexico, and other countries.
Strontium compounds are used in making pyrotechnics, ceramics, glass, paints, pigments, and drugs. They are also used as red colorants in fireworks and flares. Strontium-90 (Sr-90) is a radioactive isotope that is produced by nuclear fission. It is used in medical devices and industrial radiography equipment.
Strontium has four stable isotopes: 84Sr (0.56%), 86Sr (9.86%), 87Sr (7%), and 88Sr (82.58%). Thirty-six radioisotopes have been characterized with the most stable being 89Sr with a half-life of 50.52 days, 90Sr with a half-life of 28 years, and 91Sr with a half-life of 62 days. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 4 hours and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than 2 minutes. This element also has 14 meta states with the most stable being 85m2 Sr with a half-life of 3.89 years.
The isotopes of strontium range in mass from 74 to 110 u.
Strontium atoms have 38 electrons arranged in shells of 2, 8, 18, 8, 2 electrons. The outermost electrons are valence electrons . The electronic configuration of an atom determines how it interacts with other atoms . When atoms share electrons , they form bonds . Strontium can form bonds with other elements by losing or gaining electrons . When strontium loses 2 electrons , it forms a +2 cation . When it gains 2 electrons , it forms a -2 anion .
What is the electron configuration of strontium?
The electron configuration of strontium is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2.
Strontium is a chemical element with the symbol Sr and atomic number 38. It is a soft silver-white or yellowish metallic element that is highly reactive chemically. The metal turns black when it is exposed to air. It is found in the minerals celestine and strontianite. The natural radioactivity of strontium makes it dangerous to health.
The name strontium is derived from the Scottish village of Strontian. The element was first isolated in 1790 by Adair Crawford and James Davie, two Scottish chemists. They used mineral water from the village, which contains high levels of strontium, to precipitate strontium sulfate.
How many protons does strontium have in its nucleus?
The element strontium has 38 protons in its nucleus. This number of protons gives strontium its atomic number of 38 and determines how it will interact with other elements in the periodic table. The number of protons in an element’s nucleus also determines how strong the atom’s nucleus is held together by the nuclear force. The number of protons in an element’s nucleus also affects the way in which the element will interact with other atoms and molecules.
What is the atomic number of strontium?
The atomic number of strontium is 38.
What is the atomic mass of strontium?
Strontium is a chemical element with the symbol Sr and atomic number 38. An alkaline earth metal, strontium is a soft silver-white or yellowish metallic element that is highly chemically reactive. The metal turns yellow when it oxidizes in air. Strontium has physical and chemical properties similar to those of its two vertical neighbors in the periodic table, calcium and barium. It occurs naturally in the minerals celestine, strontianite and putnisite, and is sometimes found as a free element in nature.
A few properties of strontium are:
-It is the 40th most abundant element in Earth’s crust.
-It is very reactive, so it does not occur naturally in its elemental state.
-It is a soft, silver-white or yellowish metal.
-It is only slightly soluble in water.
The atomic mass of strontium is 84 u (unified atomic mass units).
What is the symbol for strontium on the periodic table?
The symbol for strontium on the periodic table is Sr.
Where is strontium found on the periodic table?
Strontium is a chemical element with the symbol Sr and atomic number 38. It is a soft silver-white or yellowish metallic element that is highly reactive chemically. The metal turns yellow when it oxidizes in air. Strontium has physical and chemical properties similar to those of its two vertical neighbors in the periodic table, calcium and barium. It occurs naturally in small amounts in about 30 minerals and is obtained from these through electrolysis. The main commercial use for strontium is in producing alloys for use in lead acid batteries.
Strontium was discovered by Humphry Davy in 1808 while working on a method of isolating potassium from potassium compounds. He decided to try using electrolysis on strontianite, a mineral composed of strontium sulfate SrSO4. The experiment was not successful at first because the strontianite kept decomposing before Davy could isolate the strontium. However, he persisted and was eventually able to produce a small sample of strontium metal.
The element’s name comes from the Scottish village of Strontian, where Davy discovered it. Strontium is relatively rare compared to other elements on Earth; it makes up only 0.034% of the Earth’s crust by weight. It is mostly found in Europe, with smaller deposits in North America, Asia, and Australia.
Strontium has many uses due to its similarities to calcium. For example, it can be used as a getter in electron tubes, as it removes unwanted gasses from inside the tube. Strontium titanate is used as a capacitor material because it has a very high dielectric constant; strontium carbonate is used in glassmaking and ceramics; and pure strontium metal is sometimes used as an alloying agent for steel and cast iron.
While most of us are probably most familiar with strontium 90, a radioactive isotope of strontium that was produced during nuclear weapons testing in the 1950s and 1960s, there are actually over 40 isotopes of strontium, many of which are radioactive. The longest-lived radioactive isotope is strontium-84, with a half-life of 65 years. This makes it useful for dating rocks and fossils; anything that contains strontium-84 will have been formed after 1954 (the year nuclear testing began).
In its natural state, strontium is not dangerous; however, once it becomes radioactive, it can pose serious health risks if inhaled or ingested. Radioactive strontium enters the food chain through beef and dairy products, where it can accumulate in the bones and cause bone cancer. Although the risk posed by radioactive strontium is relatively low compared to other radioactive materials, it is still important to be aware of its potential dangers.
What are the properties of strontium?
Strontium is a soft, silvery-white alkaline earth metal that is highly reactive chemically. The metal rapidly oxidizes in air and it reacts violently with water. Strontium has a relatively low melting point for an alkaline earth metal. Its density is similar to that of calcium and barium.
All of the strontium on Earth was formed by nuclear reactions that took place during supernova explosions. The element is named after the Scottish village of Strontian. It was first isolated in 1790 by Adair Crawford and James Cruickshank.
Strontium occurs naturally in small amounts in many minerals, including celestine (strontium sulfate), strontianite (strontium carbonate), and pollucite (a zirconium silicate). The metal is extracted from these minerals by roasting them in air.
The most common use for strontium is in glow-in-the-dark paints. When exposed to light, these paints emit a greenish-white light for several hours. Strontium compounds are also used in flares, fireworks, and certain types of glass.
What are some uses for strontium?
Strontium is a chemical element with the symbol Sr and atomic number 38. It is a soft silver-white or yellowish metal that is highly chemically reactive. The metal forms a dark oxide layer when it is exposed to air. Strontium has physical and chemical properties similar to those of its two vertical neighbors in the periodic table, calcium and barium. It occurs naturally in small amounts in about 30 minerals, but it is commercially extracted from celestite (strontianite) and strontianite.
Applications
Strontium is used in alloys, ceramics, glass, pigments, pyrotechnics, and electronics. It is used in red fireworks and flares as a flame colorant. Strontium titanate is used as a capacitor in electronic equipment. Strontium ranelate is used to treat osteoporosis. Strontium isotopes are used in medical radiotherapy, industrial radiography, and cancer treatment.
Alloys
Strontium forms alloys with metals including aluminium, gold, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, silver, tin, and zinc. These alloys are used in bearings, batteries, firework sparklers, light bulb filaments, radar screens and television cathode ray tubes.
Ceramics and Glass
Strontium oxide (SrO) is added to ceramic glazes to produce red colors. Strontium aluminate (SrAl2O4) phosphors are used in green cathode ray tube phosphors and white LED phosphors. Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is used as a dielectric material in capacitors. Strontium fluoride (SrF2), strontium chloride (SrCl2), and strontium bromide (SrBr2) are used in scintillators.
Pigments
Strontium yellow (Sr2SiO4), also known as strontianite, is a pigment first prepared by Scottish chemist Thomas Graham in 1808. It was formerly used as a yellow paint pigment, but its use has declined because it darkens on exposure to light.
